Information Links
Previous Issues Volume 9, Issue 1 - 2025
Investigation into the Pharmacognostic and Antimicrobial Properties of the Leaf Extract of Bridelia Ferruginea Benth (Euphorbiaceae)
Anikwe Chidera Celestine1,2, Ezegbe Chekwube Andrew3,4,*, Ugwu Emmanuel Oforma1, Ogbozor Maduaburochi Christian1, Ozioko Diana Chinenyenwa1, Eneje Jude Chetachukwu1, Ugorji Anita Chidera4, Uchenna Chiamaka Precious4, Onyekwere Favour Ezinne4, Odo Kenechi Benjamin4, Ezugwu Christopher Obodike1
1Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
2Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, England United Kingdom
3Human and Natural Science Center, ABC Federal University Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
4Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
*Corresponding author: Ezegbe, Chekwube Andrew, Human and Natural Science Center, ABC Federal University Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil & Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria, Tel: +2348038042802, E-mail: [email protected]
Received Date: November 10, 2024
Published Date: January 09, 2025
Citation: Celestine AC, et al. (2025). Investigation into the Pharmacognostic and Antimicrobial Properties of the Leaf Extract of Bridelia Ferruginea Benth (Euphorbiaceae). Mathews J Pharma Sci. 9(1):41.
Copyrights: Celestine AC, et al. © (2025).
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Bridelia ferruginea is a well-known shrub that is used in traditional medicine in the management of certain diseases such as dysentery, arthritis and constipation. Aim/objectives: to ascertain the validity of the use of B. ferruginea as an antimicrobial agent, to evaluate the pharmacogenetic profile and differentiate it from adulterated one, to detect the secondary metabolites present in the leaf extract and to compare the plants antimicrobial activity with standard antimicrobial agents. Methods: The leaves of Bridelia ferruginea were plucked from the stem and dried in the shade for approximately 1 week. The leaves were ground into moderately coarse powder using mortar and pestle. A 400 g quantity of the grounded leaves were packed into a glass jar and macerated with methanol for 24 hours. The extracts were then filtered, distilled and concentrated in a rotary evaporator at optimum temperature of 40.5 oC and was brought to complete dryness over a water bath. The flask containing the extract was allowed to cool and the extract was then collected. Results: The MIC values of the Bridelia ferruginea extract against susceptible organisms (S. aureus, B. subtilis and C. albicans) recorded results of 9.5 ± 0.21mm, 7.0 ± 0.15 mm and 9.0 ± 0.20 mm respectively without any significant difference (p < 0.05). The values of the inhibitory zone diameter obtained ranged from 7.0 ± 0.01mm to 9.5 ± 0.02 mm for C. albicans and S. aureus respectively, without any significant difference (p < 0.05). From the results obtained, the extract was more effective only against Gram positive bacteria. The phytochemical analysis of the leaves of Bridelia ferruginea showed the presence of secondary metabolites. Conclusion: The study indicates the enormous potential of B. ferruginea with anti-microbial properties. Due to its wide application, the phytochemicals present has been documented, and they could be useful in lead compound discovery.
Keywords: Bridelia ferruginea, Phytochemicals, Metabolites, Anti-microbials, Extract.
