Muscle-Derived Stem Cells for Bone and Cartilage Repair

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
²Steadman Philippon Regenerative Institute, Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine.

Corresponding Author: Johnny Huard, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, E-Mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT
Adult muscle derived stem cells (MDSCs) are postnatal stem cells that can be isolated from skeletal muscle using a preplate technique. These cells can undergo multipotent differentiation in vitro, and when genetically modified to express bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), they can efficiently regenerate new bone and improve healing of focal chondral defects. Promoting angiogenesis preferentially enhances MDSC-mediated bone formation, whereas blocking angiogenesis preferentially potentiates cartilage regeneration. Genetic modification of human MDSCs to express BMP2, utilizing a lenti-BMP2 viral vector, has been shown to have similar efficacy as lenti-BMP2 transduced human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), and therefore, MDSCs represent a very promising source of adult stem cells for bone and cartilage repair.


KEYWORDS

Muscle Derived Stem Cells; Gene Therapy; Bone Repair; Cartilage Repair.