Per-and Post-Operative Mortality in Patients Undergoing Exploratory Laparotomy at a General Hospital in Salvador-Bahia/Brazil

¹Resident doctor in radiology and imaging diagnosis Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein-São Paulo/Brazil and former medical student Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

²Pathologist doctor, Hospital Santo Amaro, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

³Medical student, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Bahia, Brazil

⁴General and digestive system surgeon, Professor of Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública and Universidade Unime Salvador/Bahia. Full Member Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, Master in Medicine and Human Health from Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública and preceptor surgeon at the Hospital Ana Neri of Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil

⁵Professor adjunct Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador/Bahia, PhD in Medicine and Health–Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, vascular surgeon, preceptor doctor at Divisão de Cirurgia Vascular do Hospital Ana Neri da Universidade Federal da Bahia, full member Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular and Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, Brazil

*Corresponding Author: Dr. Wagner Ramos Borges, Professor adjunct Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador/Bahia, PhD in Medicine and Health–Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, vascular surgeon, preceptor doctor at Divisão de Cirurgia Vascular do Hospital Ana Neri da Universidade Federal da Bahia, full member Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular and Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, Brazil, Phone: 5571992068592, ORCID: 0000-0001-8653-5265; E-mail: [email protected]

Received Date: November 15, 2023

Published Date: November 29, 2023

Citation: Aquino LC, et al. (2023). Per-and Post-Operative Mortality in Patients Undergoing Exploratory Laparotomy at a General Hospital in Salvador-Bahia/Brazil. Mathews J Cardiol. 7(2):30.

Copyrights: Aquino LC, et al. © (2023).

ABSTRACT

Background: Exploratory laparotomy is the use of the abdominal opening surgical maneuver to search for information and solve adverse problems through the operational environment. Very frequent in the urgency and emergency ambit, this centenary procedure ranks among the main abdominal surgeries. However, its high diagnostic capacity and wide therapeutic capacity, enhanced by current technoscientific advances, are opposed to the high mortality rates related by world literature. Objectives: Describe the per and postoperative mortality rate in exploratory laparotomies performed at a general hospital in Salvador-BA between June 2015 and June 2018, as well as present the clinical-surgical and epidemiological profile of patients who died due to such procedures. Methods: Observational, retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study that analyzes 1109 patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy in a general hospital in Salvador-BA. Data collection was performed using surgical records books, as well as patients' medical records. Mortality rate was investigated and, for those who die, epidemiological and clinical-surgical variables were studied in order to describe the profile. Results: 52 patients died (4.68%). It was possible to analyze the clinical-surgical and epidemiological profile in 46 patients. There was a male prevalence, with 34 men (73.9%); The most affected age group was between 19 and 49 years, corresponding to 21 patients (45.7%); Firearm projectile injury was observed in 17 patients (37%); Progression with infection in the postoperative period was reported in 12 patients (26.1%); 23 had septic shock as a cause of death (50%). Conclusion: High per and postoperative mortality rate was found in exploratory laparotomies. Regarding the patients who die, no relation was observed between the time of the procedures and the higher number of deaths. Surgical infection and consequent sepsis proved to be relevant complications among patients who died. The epidemiological and clinical-surgical profile differed from international literature, indicating variability in different contexts and different populations.

Keywords: Exploratory Laparotomy, Mortality, Epidemiological Profile, Clinical-Surgical Profile.