Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in a 4-Year-Old Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Treatment and Prognosis

Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei Children’s Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.

Corresponding Author: Jiancang Wang, Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei Children’s Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.

Received Date: Mar 12, 2019
Published Date: May 17, 2019

Citation: Wang J. (2019). Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in a 4-Year-Old Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Treatment and Prognosis. Mathews J Cancer Sci. 4(1): 17.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are complicated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis due to the compromised immune function after chemotherapy. Here, we report a case of cytomegalovirus retinitis in a 4-year-old
girl with ALL to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intravenous administration of antiviral medication in this group of patients.

Case Report: A 4-year-old girl with ALL was diagnosed of fulminant CMV retinitis after chemotherapy. Funduscopic examination revealed perivascular sheathing in pole and peripheral retina of right eye. Large areas of yellowish-white edema,
hemorrhage and exudation along the vessels were seen in the superior nasal retina. Few perivascular sheathings were found in peripheral retina without obvious hemorrhage and exudation in left eye. With early diagnosis and prompt
Intravenous administration of ganciclovir，the lesion of the fundus subsided and the vision was restored over 4 months of follow-up period.

Conclusions: In summary, CMV retinitis can occur in ALL pediatric patients who receive chemotherapy only, especially in the maintenance stage. With routine follow-up, early diagnosis and intravenous antiviral therapy, these patients may
have a good prognosis.

Keywords: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Early Diagnosis; Intravenous Antiviral Therapy